To be able to reason, we need to find the rules which will allow us to eliminate ambiguity. That’s what principles of logic are designed to do and that’s the subject of this chapter.
For natural numbers subtraction doesn’t always makes sense. In this chapter we will investigate how to solve this problem and why it is worthwhile to do so.
Number types described in previous chapters are useful for describing the world of indivisible things. Here we will extend our system to be able to handle divisible objects as well.
In one of the previous chapters, a thought experiment was introduced. It involved walking along a straight line, yet it wasn’t specified what a straight line actually is. It’s about time to rectify that.
In this chapter we will search for a way to numerically describe locations of points in two-dimensional space and study the properties of space itself.
In the previous chapter we have discovered that it is possible to pinpoint any location on a plane with two numbers. The space we live in is not a flat plane though. It would be nice to have a coordinates system adequate for this situation too.